0.15% Retinol Night Serum

Salicylic Acid — A beta-hydroxy acid that dissolves oil and dead skin inside the pore, so it's the go-to for blackheads, congestion and oily-skin breakouts. The strength is not printed, so we cannot judge the dose; that counts against the brand. Works from ~1%. OTC cap 2%. Give it 8–12 weeks for congestion & blackheads. Best for Oily, Combination. An oil-soluble exfoliant — brilliant on oily, congested skin. On dry or reactive skin it can strip and sting, so ease in slowly.

Niacinamide — Vitamin B3 — a broadly-tolerated all-rounder that strengthens the skin barrier, evens tone and helps regulate oil. The strength is not printed, so we cannot judge the dose; that counts against the brand. Works from ~5%. OTC cap 10%. Give it 8–12 weeks for tone. Suits all skin types. One of the best-tolerated actives there is — fine for every skin type, and especially handy for oil and uneven tone.

Retinol — A vitamin-A derivative that speeds cell turnover — the best-evidenced ingredient for fine lines and texture over months of nightly use. The label states 0.15%. Works from ~0.3%. OTC cap 1%. Give it 12 weeks minimum; best gains around 6 months. Best for Oily, Combination, Normal. Powerful but irritating early on. Oily and normal skin adapt fastest; dry and sensitive skin should start low and buffer with moisturiser.

Sodium Hyaluronate — A humectant that holds water in the upper skin — pure hydration, tolerated by essentially everyone, at any concentration. The strength is not printed, so we cannot judge the dose; that counts against the brand. Works from ~1%. Works Ongoing while you use it; no weeks-long build-up to wait for. Suits all skin types. Pure hydration — suits everyone, and dry or dehydrated skin most of all. Apply on damp skin and seal it in.

Betaine — A sugar-beet humectant — steady, gentle hydration for any skin. The strength is not printed, so we cannot judge the dose; that counts against the brand. Works from ~5%. OTC cap 5%. Best for .

Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate — A modern UVA filter — photostable, common in Indian sunscreens. The strength is not printed, so we cannot judge the dose; that counts against the brand. OTC cap 10%. Best for .

Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris ›

Management of Acne Vulgaris: A Review ›

A systematic review and network meta-analysis of topical pharmacological, oral pharmacological, physical and combined treatments for acne vulgaris ›